Q : What is GPS.?
Ans : GPS is a satellite-based radio navigation system, initially developed in the early 1960s and operated by the U.S.Department of Defense (DOD) since then. However, subsequent to a 1966 Presidential Decision Directive which was later passed into law, the "ownership" from DOD was transferred to an Interagency GPS Executive Board (IGEB), co-chaired by senior officials of the Departments of Transportation and Defense to provide management oversight and to assure that GPS meets both civil and military user requirements. The optimum system was viewed as having the following attributes: global coverage, continuous (all weather) operation, ability to serve highly dynamic platforms and high accuracy.
GPS consists of three segments - the satellite constellation, ground control network, and user equipment. The satellite constellation comprises satellites in low earth orbit that provide the ranging signals and navigation data messages to the user equipment. The ground control network tracks and maintains the satellite constellation by monitoring satellite health and signal integrity and maintaining the satellite orbital configuration. Furthermore, the ground control network also updates the satellite clock corrections and ephemerides as well as numerous other parameters essential to determining user position, velocity and time (PVT). The user equipment receives signals from the satellite constellation and computes user PVT. More details on each of the aforementioned GPS segments are provided below.
GPS Satellite Constellation:
The baseline satellite constellation consists of 24 satellites positioned in six earth-centered orbital planes with four operation satellites and a spare satellite slot in each orbital plane. The system can support a constellation of up to thirty satellites in orbit. The orbital period of a GPS satellite is one-half of a sidereal day or 11 hours 58 minutes. The orbits are nearly circular and equally spaced about the equator at a 60-degree separation with an inclination of 55 degrees relative to the equator. The orbital radius (i.e. distance from the center of mass of the earth to the satellite) is approximately 26,600 km.
With the baseline satellite constellation, users with a clear view of the sky have a minimum of four satellites in view. It's more likely that a user would see six to eight satellites. The satellites broadcast ranging signals and navigation data allowing users to measure their pseudoranges in order to estimate their position, velocity and time, in a passive, listen-only mode.
Ground Control Network:
At the heart of the Ground Control Network is the Master Control Station (MCS) located at the Schriever (formerly named Falcon) Air Force Base near Colorado Springs , Colorado . The MCS operates the system and provides command and control functions for the satellite constellation.
The satellites in orbit are continuously tracked from six USAF monitor stations spread around the globe in longitude: Ascension Island , Diego Garcia, Kwajalein , Hawaii , Cape Canaveral and Colorado Springs . The monitor stations form the data collection component of the control network. A monitor station continuously makes pseudorange measurements to each satellite in view. There are two cesium clocks referenced to GPS system time in each monitor station. Pseudorange measurements made to each satellite in view by the monitor station receiver are used to update the master control station's precise estimate of each satellite's position in orbit.
User Equipment:
The user equipment, often referred to as “GPS receivers”, captures and processes L-band signals from the satellites in view for the computation of user position, velocity and time.
Q : How is GPS used?
Ans : GPS receivers collect signals from satellites in view. They display the user's position, velocity, and time, as needed for their marine, terrestrial, or aeronautical applications. Some display additional data, such as distance and bearing to selected waypoints or digital charts.
The GPS concept of operation is based upon satellite ranging. Users determine their position by measuring their distance from the group of satellites in space. The satellites act as precise reference points.
Each GPS satellite transmits an accurate position and time signal. The user's receiver measures the time delay for the signal to reach the receiver, which is the direct measure of the apparent range (called a "pseudorange") to the satellite. Measurements collected simultaneously from four satellites are processed to solve for the three dimensions of position (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and time. Position measurements are in the worldwide WGS-84 geodetic reference system, and time is with respect to a worldwide common U.S. Naval Observatory Time (USNO) reference.
Q : Who uses GPS?
Ans : GPS is used to support land, sea, and airborne navigation, surveying, geophysical exploration, mapping and geodesy, vehicle location systems, farming, transportation systems, and a wide variety of other additional applications. Telecommunication infrastructure applications include network timing and enhanced 911 for cellular users. Global delivery of precise and common time to fixed and mobile users is one of the most important, but least appreciated functions of GPS.
Q : What's the status of the GPS?
Ans : The Global Positioning System reached Full Operational Capability (FOC) July 17, 1995 . Per U.S. Policy and Law, the GPS Standard Positioning Service is available to civil users worldwide for their peaceful transportation, scientific, and other uses free of direct user charges.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Top--------
Q : What are the service levels provided by GPS?
Ans : GPS provides two levels of service:
- a Standard Positioning Service (SPS) for general civil use; and
- a Precise Positioning Service (PPS) primarily intended for use by the Department of Defense and U.S. allies.
There are no restrictions on SPS usage and is available to users worldwide. With Selective Availability (SA) , SPS provides predictable accuracies of 100m (2drms, 95%) in the horizontal plane and 156m (95%) in the vertical plane. UTC (USNO) time dissemination accuracy is within 340 nanoseconds (95%) referenced to the time kept at the U.S. Naval Observatory. These accuracies reflect the last signal specification in the Federal Radio Navigation Plan which is in the process of being revised to reflect the accuracy obtained following the deactivation of
Selective Availability. Without SA, SPS accuracy would be of the order of 25m (2 drms, 95%) in the horizontal plane and 43m (95%) in the vertical plane.
PPS provides a predictable accuracy of at least 22m (2drms, 95%) in the horizontal plane and 27.7m (95%) in the vertical plane. PPS provides UTC (USNO) time transfer accuracy within 200 nanoseconds (95%) referenced to the time kept at the U.S. Naval Observatory.
PPS is primarily intended for military and select government agency users. Civilian use is permitted but only upon special U.S. Department of Defense approval.
Q. What kind of orbits are the GPS satellites in?
Ans : The GPS satellites operate in circular 10,900nm (20,200km) 12-hour orbits at an inclination of 55 degrees. They are not in geo-stationary orbit.
Q : What is a GPS waypoint?
Ans : A GPS waypoint is a navigational fix on a point of reference. The GPS waypoint is oftentimes provided as a set of longitude and latitude coordinates in the "degree, minute, second" format.
Q : What is KIPL Vehicle Management System ?
A : Component
- VTU – Vehicle Tracking Unit for Each Vehicle
- GSM- Modem to be connected with CPU through RS-232
- GSM – Anteena
- GPS – Anteena
- MAP – For the State/Country in which you want to track your vehicle
- Mobile Chips GSM Based SIM Card for Vehicle
- Software – KIPL Software For Tracking to be installed in PIV Computer
- Module For One Vehcile
- Module upto 5 Vehciles
- Module upto 10 Vehciles
- Module upto 15 Vehciles
- Module upto 25 Vehciles
- Module upto 35 Vehciles
- Module upto 50 Vehciles
- Module upto 75 Vehciles
- Module upto 500 Vehciles are available
Please note the above can customized according to the requirement of customer
Range : KIPL GPS-GSM Based Vehicle Tracking System can track the vehicle in Whole of India Features in KIPL Vehicle Management System
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Top----------
Locate the on the computer Screen Vehicle with accuracy of 100 m
Security Features
- Engine Shut Down : By Clicking in Software you can shut down the engine from the control room where ever the vehicle is moving in India at whichever speed.
- GEO Fencing : One Confine the Vehicle in State/City/Area. IF vehicle goes out of that area then at control room alarm signal comes
- Panic Switch : It is very useful for the driver during emergency. On Pressing the Switch Vehicle sends than alarm signals with location in the Control Room that driver is in trouble please contact him or rush to him immediately for help
- Siren in the Vehicle: On Crossing the GEO Fencing Siren in Vehicle Starts
- Door Open : You Can do Door Open or close of vehicle whichever the way you want from the control room .
Information//Reports
KIPL Vehicle Tracking system Gives following information of vehicle
- Speed
- Distance traveled by vehicle between two positions came from the Vehicle in Control Room
- Current Position on MAP
- Latitude/Longitude
- Alarm signals in emergency
- Confirmation of Every Command which is given to vehicle from the Control Room
- Report of Vehicle Can be taken in Data Format and You can play back the route of vehicle.
- KIPL Can be integrated with Existing ERP System or any other existing accounts Package to calculate cost of trip and can directly be fed into financial statements
Cost Benefit Analysis
- Cost saving Per trip
- Cost Saving Will add into your profit
- Vehicle Secure
- Beneficial for the Driver in case of any emergency situation
- Beneficial For the Management to manage the vehicle trip with Real time Data
In Nut Shell With KIPL Vehicle Tracking System the Vehicle will be in your Hand and you timely manage the vehicle trip to reduce the cost of trip per vehicle and that saving will cover you system cost and later add into profit margin of company
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Top----------
